Benchmarking Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types (CRDTs) in Encrypted Spreadsheets

How we achieved sub-15ms collaborative editing latency across 50 concurrent editors in Foxcolab Sheet while executing zero server-side cell decryption.

Distributed Systems Team
8 min read
Benchmarking Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types (CRDTs) in Encrypted Spreadsheets

Real-time co-authoring in traditional applications like Google Sheets requires the central server to parse formulas, evaluate cell dependencies, and resolve write conflicts. But doing so requires the server to know the plaintext values of every cell.

To build Foxcolab Sheet with Zero-Knowledge guarantees, we implemented an optimized state-based CRDT engine compiled to WebAssembly that runs directly inside the user's browser runtime.

Every cell mutation produces a cryptographic delta packet encrypted with the sheet's symmetric session key. Our Kafka ingestion pipeline fans out deltas to active WebSockets, where clients merge changes deterministically without a central arbiter.

Distributed Systems Team
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Distributed Systems Team
Systems Architecture

Engineers and security specialists building Foxcolab's zero-knowledge collaboration suite.

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